01 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Line baking sheet with parchment paper or lightly grease.
02 - Whisk together flour, baking soda, salt, sugar, and caraway seeds in large bowl. Stir in raisins or currants if using.
03 - Create well in center of dry ingredients. Pour buttermilk and melted butter into well. Gently stir with wooden spoon until shaggy dough forms.
04 - Turn dough onto lightly floured surface. Knead briefly just until dough comes together, approximately 1 minute. Avoid over-kneading.
05 - Shape dough into round loaf approximately 7 inches wide. Place on prepared baking sheet.
06 - Using sharp knife, cut deep cross pattern across top of loaf.
07 - Brush loaf with extra melted butter.
08 - Bake for 35-40 minutes until golden brown and loaf sounds hollow when tapped on bottom.
09 - Transfer to wire rack. Cool for minimum 30 minutes before slicing.